Dixon was formerly known as Jocko City, but was renamed in honor of Governor Joseph Dixon. The first post office was established in 1904 with Charlie Shelledy as postmaster. Dixon was a division point of the Northern Pacific Railroad.
.Located just northwest of Dixon on Highway 212 is The National Bison Range. The range protects one of the most important remaining herds of American bison. About 300 to 500 of these great shaggy animals roam nearly 19,000 acres of grassland and timber. The range is also home to whitetail and mule deer, elk, bighorn sheep, pronghorns, and at least 200 species of birds. A visitors' center, auto tour, and picnic area are available.
Dixon is located in northwestern Montana, northwest of Missoula on Montana Highway 200.